Mini-roundabout or cross junction?

Just found this excellent video from Youtube showing an innovative idea, may be strange to Singaporean but quite common in Europe, call a mini-roundabout.
The idea is counter intuitive for those who are used to follow the traffic lights at traffic junction. The idea of mini-roundabout to resolve conflict at traffic junction is based on the same principle as indicated in yesterday’s post (Vision Zero), that in locations with possible conflicts between pedestrians and cars, the speed of cars should be reduced to below 30km/h. Here the system designer is not relying on traffic signs and speed camera. It is the physical environment design that ensure when cars approach the roundabout, their speed will have to be reduced to below 30km/h.

How does the system designer do that?
1- by making the roundabout small in size. When car need to make a small turn, they have to slow down.
2- by ensuring open visibility of on coming traffics from all direction, that provide time space for the drivers and other road users to negotiate with each other.
3- by marking the road so that it is very narrow as approaching the junction- this provide a safety-island for pedestrians who need to cross, and at the same time further ensuring the cars are slowing to a safe speed.

All of the above factors contributed to the effectiveness of the solution, no traffic light, nor even signs. The principle is to remove the traffic signs so that the drivers can focus on the road and other road users to ensure safety of everyone.

Since there is no traffic light to control the traffic, the surprising result is that the traffic flow is better and safer around such sign-less junctions. Here is another example comparing two types of junction:

Here is another Youtube video showing some car accident on traffic camera. It shows how dangerous cross junction can be due to difference in speed, even in safe Japan. I feel really sad for the little kid cycling cross a small road and got crashed by a car. This is exactly the kind of situation system designer can helps to avoid by designing the space right for human being, not just for automotive.

Yet another example from Holland, this time showing how a cyclist safely ride through (from far left to far right, from 11 sec. onward) the roundabout and many moving cars without a single stop.

Vision Zero

I attended the Road Safety Conference today in Vivo City. The keynote speech was delivered by Dr. Kent Gustafson, the Research Director of the Swedish National Road & Transport Research Institute. He explained the motivation and the on going development of “Vision Zero”- a human-centered approach to road safety policy and planning.
“Vision Zero” was established in 1997 to guide the transport policy and strategies. It highlighted that system designer need to take a bigger responsibility towards road safety and must follow the “Ethical rules”:

  • Life and health can not be exchanged for other benefits within the society.
  • Whenever someone is killed or seriously injured, necessary steps must be taken to avoid a similar event.
  • This approach is contrary to the common practice of only blaming the road users when accident occurs. Indeed, I thought, if architects must carry a heavy responsibility to the safety of the buildings they design, it only make sense that the system designer should be make responsible for their road design for the public.
    Based on these “ethical rules”, the bio-mechanic capacity of human body to tolerate impact during accident become the limiting factor for speed in any new system. In other word, the speed of any part in the system can only be as fast as the safety can be ensured.

    A list of “best practice” in this Vision Zero about types of infrastructure and related speed limites:

    Locations with possible conflicts between pedestrians and cars (30 km/h)
    Intersections with possible frontal impacts between cars (50 km/h)
    Roads with possible frontal impacts between cars (70 km/h)
    Roads with no possibility of a side impact or frontal impact between cars (100+km/h)

    Read more about Vision Zero

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    In addition, Prof. Chin Hoong Chor shared an insightful study about the cost of traffic accidents in Singapore. It was concluded that the total cost (lost of human productivity, damage, and human lost-as calculated by court) of a fatal accident is ~SGD800,000 and ~SGD200,000 for a typical serious accident.

    His presentation was very much underscored by an victim (sorry, name forgotten) sharing his personal experience of a traffic accident last year.

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    Mr. Ho Seng Tim of LTA presents how road safety has improved over the years in Singapore. A lot has been done from infrastructure, equipment to education. These efforts help Singapore to become one of the safest place to drive. I do wish more emphasis will be put on the “other” road users. Examples like Bus stop bollards, school warning zone are good start. I would like to see more of such infrastructure improvement to safe guard road users other then drivers. One problem I share with Mr. Ho after the conference is the danger at the traffic-light signaled cross junction. As a pedestrian, you should NOT cross when you see the green figure, you must first check your right side to be sure there is no car turning into you way before you can cross safely. This arrangement obviously put the convenient of drivers ahead of the safety of pedestrian (including school kids and elderly). Since all traffic light are programmed by computer, I asked if it is possible to experiment other safer timing option for the signal, Mr. Ho confirmed that is technically feasible ๐Ÿ™‚

    Cycling as a form of health insurance

    My daily commute by bicycle is the best health insurance I can think of. No insurance policy can guarantee my health in the future, at best insurance can only cover the medical cost when my body goes wrong. Such scenario is far from desirable, I don’t want to get pay because of getting sick, I want my health.

    On the contrary, pedaling my bike is promoting the critical circulation systems in my body, bringing the essentials to where they are needed and at the same time, carrying the waste out of my body (sweating is good for me!). Statistically speaking, my body condition is similar to those 10 years younger. I can enjoy different types of food, I can enjoy to play catching with my kids while others of my age would rather watch.

    I believe the idea of insurance has been over sold. Many are concern that they don’t have enough to cover their old age medical bills because that’s what statistic suggested. But most people do not relate this to another piece of statistic, which shows nowadays 6 out of 10 are slowly losing their condition due to lack of exercise. The minority practicing daily exercise is belongs to another group, which stays fit and require less medical care. Therefore as long as I keep cycling everyday, I am not too worry.

    Riding in the rain

    Most people avoid cycling in the rain, thinking that it will be messy and dangerous. These are partly true, depends on how well you prepare and how you ride. But I am not going to explain how to cycling in the rain. I just want share a short video showing there is an upside to the perceived struggle.

    Normally I can only enjoy this wonderful moment privately. But yesterday morning, on my way to work, the rain stop half way, at the right location I happen to have my camera with me and manage to capture this dream like effects.

    Jz88 video in YouTube

    You don’t want to be embarassed in front of others when struggling to fold the bike. Watch carefully how to convert it into a trolley in cool 5 seconds.

    Jz88 folding bike can be completely folded in 9 seconds. Practice this as home before going “public”.

    Unfolding the bike is as simple as folding it. More details http://www.jz88.com.

    the best folding bike to combine with Singapore MRT